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I have a question about the reliability of Serial communication, i.e. in particular if I need to implement CRC/checksum/ECC because of bit transmission errors?I
I however think there is no general answer as there are different ways in which serial communication with the Arduino Uno's Atmega328P chip might work.
- (a) The serial communication is between two Atmega328P Chips, and using rather long wires
- (b) The serial communication is between two Atmega328P Chips, and using rather short wires
- (c) The serial communication is between one Atmega328P and the ATmega16U2, who picks up and forwards the signals via USB protocol (e.g. to a PC)
My question is with regard to the ATmega16U2. The distance (wire/line length) on the Arduino R3 board is about 2cm/1' tops, which I expect to reduce the likeliness that a signal will become corrupted. Assuming that the USB protocol which is further employed to transport the signal by itself provides by itself an ECC/CRC/checksums, I wonder if it is not rather superflous to implement a CRC when receving and sending messages via the serial communication in the case (c), while I however expect it to be more necessary for (b) and almost certainly necessary for (c).
Also, if this matters to respond to the question, I was wondering if the power supply (i.e. if Arduino Uno is powered by the USB provided voltage of ~4.5V or rather via an external 12V power adapter) would have an impact on the 'corruptability' of the signals on the TX/RX serial lines?
1 Answer
If you use the appropriate buffering of the 0/5V signal over the long wires, case A, no error detection and correction is needed. RS232, RS485, your data will be just fine (can be up to thousands of feet).
Shorter wires, from Atmega device to Atmega device, I've neved had to use anything, even at 115200 speeds, case B, case C.
Arduino Serial Communication Tutorial
16U2 to PC, that will depend on the quality of the USB cable. The +/-3V differential signal (similar to RS485 levels) is quite high speed, like 4 Mbits/second, so you want a good cable with good shielding.
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Description
Used for communication between the Arduino board and a computer or other devices. All Arduino boards have at least one serial port (also known as a UART or USART), and some have several.
| Board | USB CDC name | Serial pins | Serial1 pins | Serial2 pins | Serial3 pins |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uno, Nano, Mini | 0(RX), 1(TX) | ||||
Mega | 0(RX), 1(TX) | 19(RX), 18(TX) | 17(RX), 16(TX) | 15(RX), 14(TX) | |
Leonardo, Micro, Yún | Serial | 0(RX), 1(TX) | |||
Uno WiFi Rev.2 | Connected to USB | 0(RX), 1(TX) | Connected to NINA | ||
MKR boards | Serial | 13(RX), 14(TX) | |||
Zero | SerialUSB (Native USB Port only) | Connected to Programming Port | 0(RX), 1(TX) | ||
Due | SerialUSB (Native USB Port only) | 0(RX), 1(TX) | 19(RX), 18(TX) | 17(RX), 16(TX) | 15(RX), 14(TX) |
101 | Serial | 0(RX), 1(TX) |
On Uno, Nano, Mini, and Mega, pins 0 and 1 are used for communication with the computer. Connecting anything to these pins can interfere with that communication, including causing failed uploads to the board.
You can use the Arduino environment’s built-in serial monitor to communicate with an Arduino board. Click the serial monitor button in the toolbar and select the same baud rate used in the call to begin().
Arduino To Arduino Serial Communication
Serial communication on pins TX/RX uses TTL logic levels (5V or 3.3V depending on the board). Don’t connect these pins directly to an RS232 serial port; they operate at +/- 12V and can damage your Arduino board.
Arduino Serial Communication C#
To use these extra serial ports to communicate with your personal computer, you will need an additional USB-to-serial adaptor, as they are not connected to the Mega’s USB-to-serial adaptor. To use them to communicate with an external TTL serial device, connect the TX pin to your device’s RX pin, the RX to your device’s TX pin, and the ground of your Mega to your device’s ground.